Inside Russia Youtube - Access to the video site allows Russians to access one of the few sources of independent information about the war in Ukraine
Months into the war against Ukraine, Moscow continues to allow its citizens access to YouTube, leaving a gap in its efforts to control what Russians see and hear about the conflict.
Inside Russia Youtube
The video streaming service, owned by Alphabet Inc.'s Google, is one of the few places where Russians can view and discuss war footage from independent media.
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Since the beginning of the conflict, Russia has blocked domestic access to many other major platforms, including news sites and Facebook.
YouTube's presence in Russia has taken longer than some Google executives expected, according to people familiar with the matter, particularly as the Silicon Valley giant has angered Moscow during the war.
Moscow has repeatedly demanded that YouTube restore its channels and seized Google's bank account in the country, forcing the local unit to declare bankruptcy and move its employees abroad.
In July, Russia's telecommunications regulator fined Google $360 million for not removing content about the war that challenged the Kremlin's phone.
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So far, Russia has not forced ISPs to block access to YouTube, as it has done with Facebook and Instagram Meta Platforms Inc., Twitter Inc. even Google's Google News service.
Among the major non-Russian social media platforms that provide broad access to private content, only the Telegram chat app has escaped the shutdown.
Shortly after Russia invaded Ukraine, many Russian journalists and Western tech executives said they expected YouTube to be banned as the government blocked thousands of websites with content that provoked propaganda. Moscow.
"Some banks are too big to fail, and some apps are too big to fail," said Nu Wexler, a former communications policy associate at Google, Meta and Twitter. "The Russian government knows it will face problems if it blocks a popular app in the country like YouTube."
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A Kremlin spokesman said in March that Russia is restricting access to the Internet because of an "unprecedented information war launched against our country."
"YouTube is still working in Russia because the company wants to help citizens know what's going on and get feedback from the outside world," YouTube CEO Susan Wojitsky said at a conference in May.
According to analytics company SimilarWeb, in June YouTube had more than 85 million unique monthly viewers in Russia.
This video site was used by 47% of Russians surveyed in April by the independent Russian Sociological Institute "Levada Center", making it the second most popular site in the country after the local service "VKontakte".
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Russian officials said the public money would be invested in Rutube, a division of state-owned energy giant PJSC Gazprom with pro-Moscow content.
The popularity gap can be closed. Igor Ashmanov, a member of the Russian presidential council for the development of civil society and human rights, told a state news agency that he expects YouTube to be banned in Russia by the fall, saying Rutube it will improve its experience.
Some Russian companies that provided servers to transmit videos to YouTube said Google had terminated agreements with them, people familiar with the matter said. Without these servers, YouTube may not exist in Russia.
Google has suspended advertising and other business activities in Russia, citing war. Alphabet CFO Ruth Porat said in April that about 1% of Google's revenue in 2021 will come from Russia.
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A study on the Russian service YouTube shows that Google has made progress in preventing false reports of conflicts.
Recently, the most common YouTube recommendations in Russia on about 50 pro-Putin channels have been political or historical — with some anti-Putin videos — according to an analysis last week for The Wall Street Journal by Guillaume Chaslot, a former Google engineer who runs the AlgoTransparency project. On the other hand, recent videos on anti-Putin channels have had more recommendations for like-minded content.
A YouTube spokesperson said the policy prohibits denying or downplaying well-documented violent events, including war, and that the company has removed more than 76,000 videos and 9,000 accounts for reasons related to the war in Ukraine. .
He said that YouTube makes it easier for people to find the right sources of information while reducing recommendations for content that is close to breaking the rules.
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Last month, a Russian-language conversation between Mark Feigin, who was the lawyer for the Russian opposition group Pussy Riot, and a senior aide to the President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelensky appeared in the Trending section of YouTube.
"I watch YouTube to keep up with current events, to be informed, but at the same time I don't use anti-Russian content," said Ekaterina Terzi, a 33-year-old education consultant from Moscow. who, according to his YouTube account, spends 39 minutes a day on the service.
Ms. Terzi said she immediately scans for such content, sometimes clicking a button that causes YouTube to hide similar videos in the future.
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